Ama-Oligonucleotides ama-nucleic acid polymers anokuhlelwa okuklanywe ngokukhethekile, okuhlanganisa i-antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs), i-siRNAs (ama-RNA amancane aphazamisayo), ama-microRNA, nama-aptamers. I-Oligonucleotides ingasetshenziswa ukuguqula ukubonakaliswa kofuzo ngokusebenzisa uchungechunge lwezinqubo, okuhlanganisa i-RNAi, ukucekelwa phansi okuqondiwe ngokusebenzisa i-RNase H-mediated cleavage, ukulawulwa kwe-splicing, ukucindezelwa kwe-RNA okungakhohlisi, ukusebenzisa izakhi zofuzo, nokuhlelwa kofuzo okuhleliwe.

Ama-oligonucleotides amaningi (ama-ASO, i-siRNA, ne-microRNA) ayaxutshwa ukuze aqondise isakhi sofuzo se-mRNA noma i-pre-mRNA ngokumataniswa kwesisekelo esihambisanayo, futhi ngokombono angakwazi ukushintsha ngokukhetha ukuvezwa kwanoma yiluphi uhlobo oluqondiwe namaprotheni, okuhlanganisa “okungezona ezokwelapha” okuqondiwe. Ama-aptamers anokusondelana okuphezulu kwephrotheni eqondiwe, efana nesakhiwo sezinga eliphezulu samasosha omzimba, hhayi ukulandelana. I-Oligonucleotides iphinde inikeze ezinye izinzuzo, kuhlanganise namasu alula okukhiqiza nezindlela zokulungiselela, imijikelezo emifushane yokuthuthukiswa, kanye nemiphumela ehlala njalo.

Uma kuqhathaniswa nama-molecule amancane okuvimbela inhibitor, ukusetshenziswa kwe-oligonucleotides njengezidakamizwa kuyindlela entsha eyisisekelo. Amandla e-oligonucleotide kuzakhi zofuzo ezinembayo akhuphule isasasa lezicelo zokwelapha kumdlavuza, isifo senhliziyo nemithambo yegazi, kanye nezifo ezingavamile. Ukugunyazwa kwakamuva kwe-FDA kwe-Givosiran, Lumasiran kanye ne-Viltolarsen kuletha i-RNAi, noma izindlela zokwelapha ezisekelwe ku-RNA, ekuthuthukisweni kwezidakamizwa.