I-Oligonucleotides i-nucleic acid polymers kunye nolandelelwano olulungiselelwe ngokukodwa, kubandakanywa i-oligonucleotides ye-antisense (ASOs), i-siRNAs (i-RNAs ephazamisayo encinci), i-microRNAs, kunye ne-aptamers. I-Oligonucleotides ingasetyenziselwa ukumodareyitha ukubonakaliswa kofuzo ngokusebenzisa uluhlu lweenkqubo, kubandakanywa i-RNAi, ukuthotywa kwethagethi nge-RNase H-mediated cleavage, umgaqo we-splicing, ukunyanzeliswa kwe-RNA okungenayo ikhowudi, ukusetyenziswa kofuzo, kunye nokuhlelwa kwemfuza okucwangcisiweyo.

Uninzi lwe-oligonucleotides (i-ASOs, i-siRNA, kunye ne-microRNA) idibanisa ukujolisa kwi-mRNA yemfuza okanye i-pre-mRNA ngokudibanisa isiseko sokubambisana, kwaye ngokwethiyori inokukhetha ukumodareyitha nayiphi na imfuza ekujoliswe kuyo kunye neprotheni, kubandakanywa ezininzi "ezingezonyango" ezijoliswe kuzo. Ii-aptamers zinobudlelwane obuphezulu beprotheyini ekujoliswe kuyo, efana nesakhiwo senqanaba lesithathu le-antibodies, hayi ulandelelwano. I-Oligonucleotides ikwabonelela nangezinye iingenelo, ezibandakanya iindlela ezilula zokuvelisa kunye nobuchule bokulungiselela, imijikelo yophuhliso emifutshane, kunye neziphumo ezihlala ixesha elide.

Xa kuthelekiswa ne-molekyuli encinci inhibitors, ukusetyenziswa kwe-oligonucleotides njengamachiza yindlela esisiseko. Ikhono le-oligonucleotides kwi-genetics echanekileyo liye lakhulisa umdlandla wokusetyenziswa kwezonyango kumhlaza, isifo senhliziyo, kunye nezifo ezinqabileyo. Iimvume ze-FDA zakutsha nje ze-Givosiran, i-Lumasiran kunye ne-Viltolarsen zizisa i-RNAi, okanye i-RNA-based therapies, kwi-mainstream yophuhliso lwamachiza.