Li-oligonucleotides ke li-polymer tsa nucleic acid tse nang le tatellano e khethehileng, ho akarelletsa le li-oligonucleotides (ASOs), li-siRNA (li-RNA tse nyenyane tse sitisang), li-microRNA le li-aptamers. Oligonucleotides e ka sebelisoa ho fetola polelo ea liphatsa tsa lefutso ka mefuta e mengata ea lits'ebetso, ho kenyeletsoa RNAi, ho senyeha ha sepheo ka RNase H-mediated cleavage, taolo ea splicing, khatello ea RNA e sa keneng, ts'ebetso ea liphatsa tsa lefutso, le ho hlophisoa ha liphatsa tsa lefutso.

Boholo ba li-oligonucleotides (ASOs, siRNA, le microRNA) bo nyalisitsoe ho lebisa liphatsa tsa lefutso tsa mRNA kapa pre-mRNA ka ho kopanya li-base, 'me ka boithuto ba ka khetha ho khetha mofuta ofe kapa ofe oa protheine, ho kenyeletsoa tse ngata tse "sa phekoleheng". Li-Aptamers li na le kamano e phahameng bakeng sa protheine e shebiloeng, e ts'oanang le sebopeho sa tertiary sa li-antibodies, eseng tatellano. Li-oligonucleotides li boetse li fana ka melemo e meng, ho kenyelletsa le mekhoa e batlang e le bonolo ea tlhahiso le ho itokisa, lipotoloho tse khutšoane tsa nts'etsopele, le litlamorao tse tšoarellang nako e telele.

Ha ho bapisoa le li-inhibitors tse nyane tsa molek'hule, ts'ebeliso ea oligonucleotides joalo ka lithethefatsi ke mokhoa o sa tloaelehang. Bokhoni ba li-oligonucleotide ho liphatsa tsa lefutso tse nepahetseng bo ekelitse cheseho bakeng sa lits'ebetso tsa kalafo ho mofetše, lefu la pelo le mafu a sa tloaelehang. Litumello tsa morao-rao tsa FDA bakeng sa Givosiran, Lumasiran le Viltolarsen li tlisa RNAi, kapa liphekolo tse thehiloeng ho RNA, molemong oa nts'etsopele ea lithethefatsi.