Zearalenone (ZEN)inozivikanwawo seF-2 toxin. Inogadzirwa neakasiyana fusarium fungi seGraminearum, Culmorum uye Crookwellese. Fungal chepfu inoburitswa munzvimbo yevhu. Chimiro chemakemikari cheZEN chakatemwa naUrry muna 1966 vachishandisa nuclear magnetic resonance, classical chemistry uye mass spectrometry, uye yakanzi: 6-(10-hydroxy-6-oxo-trans-1-decene) -β -Ranoic acid-lactone. . Hukama hwema molecular mass yeZEN i318, panonyungudika i165°C, uye ine kugadzikana kwakanaka kwekupisa. Iyo haizoparari kana ichipisa pa120 ° C kwemaawa mana; ZEN ine fluorescence maitiro uye inogona kuonekwa ne fluorescence detector; ZEN haizoonekwe mumvura, S2C uye CC14 Dissolve; Zviri nyore kunyungudika mune alkali mhinduro senge sodium hydroxide uye organic solvents senge methanol. ZEN inosvibisa zviyo nezvinobva pazviri pasi rose zvakanyanya, zvichikonzera kurasikirwa kukuru kumaindasitiri ekudyara nekupfuya, uye zvinopa njodzi huru kukuchengetedza chikafu.

Muganho chiyero cheZen muchikafu uye chikafu

Zearalenonekusvibiswa hakungodzikisi kunaka kwezvigadzirwa zvekurima uye chikafu, asiwo kunounza kurasikirwa kukuru mukusimudzira hupfumi. Panguva imwecheteyo, hutano hwevanhu huchakonzerwawo nekudyiwa kweZEN kusvibiswa kana nyama yakasara uye zvigadzirwa zvemukaka uye zvimwe zvekudya zvinobva kumhuka. Uye kutyisidzirwa. nyika yangu "GB13078.2-2006 Feed Hygiene Standard" inoda kuti iyo ZEN yezearalenone muchikamu chekudya uye chibage haifanirwe kudarika 500 μg/kg. Zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa neazvino "GB 2761-2011 Mycotoxins in Foods Limits" yakabudiswa muna 2011, zvirimo zearalenone ZEN muzviyo uye zvigadzirwa zvavo zvinofanirwa kunge zvisingasviki 60μg/kg. Zvinoenderana ne "Feed Hygiene Standards" iri kuvandudzwa, muganho wakaomesesa we zearalenone mukudyisa nguruve uye nguruve diki i100 μg/kg. Mukuwedzera, France inotaura kuti mari inobvumirwa ye zearalenone muzviyo uye mafuta ekubatwa chibharo ndeye 200 μg / kg; Russia inotaura kuti chiyero chinotenderwa che zearalenone mu durum gorosi, hupfu, uye germ yegorosi i1000 μg/kg; Uruguay inotaura kuti huwandu hunotenderwa hwe zearalenone muchibage, Huwandu hunotenderwa hwe zearalenone ZEN mubhari i200μg/kg. Zvinogona kuonekwa kuti hurumende dzenyika dzakasiyana-siyana dzakaona zvishoma nezvishoma kukuvadza uko zearalenone inounza kumhuka nevanhu, asi havasati vasvika pamuganhu wakabvumiranwa.

Kukuvadza kweZearalenone

ZEN imhando yeestrogen. Kukura, kusimudzira uye kubereka sisitimu yemhuka dzinodya ZEN ichakanganiswa nemazinga eestrogen akakwira. Pakati pemhuka dzese, nguruve ndidzo dzinonyanya kunzwa kune ZEN. Mhedzisiro yehupfu yeZEN pane mbesa ndeyotevera: mushure mekunge mbesa dzakura dzine chepfu neZEN kunwa, nhengo dzavo dzekubereka dzichakura zvisina kunaka, pamwe chete nezviratidzo zvakadai se ovarian dysplasia uye endocrine disorders; Mhodzi dzine pamuviri dziri muZEN Miscarriage, kuberekwa nguva isati yakwana, kana kuwanda kwemafetus asina kuumbwa zvakanaka, mbereko dzakafa uye dzisina simba dzinowanzoitika mushure mehuturu; nguruve dzinoyamwisa dzinenge dzaderedza huwandu hwemukaka kana kutadza kuburitsa mukaka; panguva imwe chete, nguruve dzikamedza ZEN-yakasvibiswa mukaka ichaitawo Zviratidzo zvakadai sekukura zvishoma nekuda kweesrogen yakakwirira, nyaya dzakakomba dzinoita nzara uye pakupedzisira dzinofa.

ZEN haingokanganise huku nezvipfuyo chete, asiwo ine chepfu yakasimba pavanhu. ZEN inoungana mumuviri wemunhu, izvo zvinogona kukonzera mapundu, kuita kuti DNA iome, uye kuita kuti machromosome ave asina kujairika. ZEN zvakare ine carcinogenic mhedzisiro uye inosimudzira kuenderera kunowedzera kwemaseru egomarara mumatishu kana nhengo dzemunhu. Kuvapo kweZEN muchetura kunotungamira mukuitika kwegomarara mumakonzo ekuyedza. Kuwedzera kuedza kwakasimbisawo izvi. Pamusoro pezvo, dzimwe ongororo dzakaratidza kuti kuunganidzwa kweZEN mumuviri wemunhu kunokonzera zvirwere zvakasiyana segomarara rezamu kana kuti mazamu hyperplasia.

Kuona nzira yezearalenone

Nekuti ZEN ine kuwanda kwekusvibiswa nekukuvadza kukuru, basa rekuyedza reZEN rakakosha. Pakati pese nzira dzekuona dzeZEN, dzinotevera dzinonyanya kushandiswa: chromatographic instrument method (maitiro: quantitative diagnosis, high accuracy, asi yakaoma kushanda uye zvakanyanya kudhura); enzyme-yakabatana immunoassay (zvimiro: high senitivity uye kuwanda kwesimba, asi Kushanda kwakaoma, nguva yekuona yakareba, uye mari yakakwirira); iyo colloidal goridhe yekuyedza strip nzira (maficha: nekukurumidza uye nyore, yakaderera mutengo, asi iko kurongeka uye kudzokorora kwakashata, kutadza kuverengera); fluorescence quantitative immunochromatography (zvimiro: kukurumidza Nyore uye yakarurama quantification, yakanaka kunyatsojeka, asi inoda kushandisa midziyo, reagents kubva vakasiyana vagadziri havasi pasi rose).