Nzira dzekucheneswa kweprotein:

Nzira yekuchenesa mapuroteni, kupatsanurwa uye kucheneswa kweprotein, puroteni inosunungurwa kubva kumasero ekutanga kana matishu munzvimbo yakanyungudika uye inoramba iri mumamiriro ekutanga echisikigo pasina kurasikirwa kwehupenyu hwehupenyu. Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi, zvinyorwa zvinofanira kubvisa mhuka uye adipose tissue, mbeu yembeu inofanira kunyange kubvisa kusvibiswa kwejasi rembeu kubva kune zvinhu zvakadai se tannins, uye mbeu yemafuta inofanirwa kushandisa yakaderera-inopisa organic solvent.

1. Nzira yekuchenesa mapuroteni, ukuru uye nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzekuongorora kupatsanurwa: dialysis uye ultrafiltration inoshandisa mapuroteni aya kuti apfuure nemasikirwo emamolekemu asingakwanisi kupfuura nepakati-semi-permeable membrane; density gradient centrifugation Hunhu uye kuwanda kweprotein mukati mepakati kuchave nekukanganisa kukuru pazvimedu. Kugadzirisa kumhanya kunokurumidza; gel filtration imhando yekoramu chromatography.

2. Kupatsanurwa kwemusiyano wekunyungudika mukushandiswa: electro-precipitation nekuti iyo net charge yeprotein molecules iri pa zero isoelectric point, ichideredza kudzorwa kwe electrostatic pakati pemamorekuru, nyore kuunganidza, uye kushoma solubility; Mushonga wemunyu unoshandiswa nemushonga wemunyu Kuisa munyu kunowedzera kana kuderedza kunyungudika kweprotein.

3. Mutero unoparadzaniswa uye unoongororwa nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana, zvinyorwa zvikuru zvinosanganisira electrophoresis uye ion exchange chromatography.

4. Nzira dzekucheneswa kweproteinIyo yakasarudzika adsorption uye kupatsanurwa kwemapuroteni anoshandisa simba rechidimbu adsorption.

5. Affinity chromatography inobva pakuparadzaniswa kwe ligands. Iyi biological character inobvumira maprotein molecules kuti asunge zvakananga pane covalently kune imwe morekuru inonzi ligand.

6. Nzira yekuchenesa mapuroteni: Low-temperature organic solvent precipitation method: Shandisa organic solvents inosanganiswa nemvura, yakadai semethanol, ethanol, kuderedza kunyunguduka uye kunaya kwemapuroteni akawanda. Iyi nzira yakakwirira kudarika kugadziriswa salting kunze, asi mapuroteni anowedzera zvakanyanya Kana zviri nyore, zvinofanira kuitwa pakupisa kwakadzika.

Nzira yekuchenesa seikucheneswa kweprotein:

Maitiro ekuchenesa mapuroteni, mapuroteni imorekuru hombe, uye akasiyana mamorekuru saizi yealbumin, kune dzimwe nzira dzakareruka dzekuparadzanisa mapuroteni uye madiki mamorekuru zvinhu, uye zvakare akapatsanura mapuroteni musanganiswa. Nzira huru dzekuparadzanisa mapuroteni emhando dzakasiyana dzemamorekuru ndeye dialysis, ultrafiltration, gel filtration, uye kupatsanurwa kwecentrifugal. Dialysis uye ultrafiltration inowanzoshandiswa mumapuroteni ekuparadzanisa nzira. Musanganiswa wedialysis uchapatsanurwa unoiswa mubhegi redialysis rakagadzirwa nesemipermeable membrane, wobva wanyudzwa mumhinduro yedialysis yekuparadzana. Ultrafiltration ndiyo nzira yekupfuura mvura uye mamwe mamorekuru madiki achishandisa centrifugal simba kana kumanikidza mune semi-permeable membrane uye kuteya mapuroteni mu semi-permeable membrane. Idzi nzira mbiri dzinogona kupatsanurwa kubva kuprotein-based macromolecules uye inorganic salt-based small molecules. Iyo inowanzoiswa munyu kunze, inoshandiswa pamwe chete nenzira yekunyungudusa munyu, kana inogona kuunzwa kuti itore nzira mbiri idzi mushure mekuisa munyu uchishandisa inorganic munyu mhinduro.

1. Nzira yekuchenesa mapuroteni nenzira ye salting-out: Hwaro hwekuita salting-out nzira ndeyokuti kunyunguduka kweprotein mumushonga wemunyu wakanyungudutswa kuchawedzera nekuwedzera kwemunyu, asi kana munyu unowedzera kune imwe kukosha, basa remvura richawedzerwa. Kudzikira, izvo zvinozoita kuti mamwe mapuroteni agadzire machaji kuburikidza neiyo molecular chimiro chepamusoro kuti irege kuderedzwa zvishoma nezvishoma, uye iyo hydration membrane inoparadzwa zvishoma nezvishoma, izvo zvinogona kupedzisira zvakonzera mapuroteni ane hukama uye mamorekuru kugadzira agglomeration uye kunaya kubva kune akasiyana mhinduro.

2. Organic solvent precipitation method: Pane zvikonzero zviviri zvekuderedza kunyunguduka kweprotein mu organic solvents: nzira yekuchenesa mapuroteni semushonga wemunyu nekuderera kwemvura; chechipiri, dielectric constant ye organic solvents kupfuura mvura inogona kuderedzwa Mu polar solvents.

3. Protein precipitating agent: protein as a precipitating agent inongoshanda pamhando imwe chete kana imwe yeprotein precipitation, common are alkaline, protein, lectin, and heavy metals.

4. Polyethylene glycol kunaya: Nzira yekuchenesa mvura-inonyungudika isiri-ionic polima yekucheneswa kweprotein, zvakadai se polyethylene glycol uye sodium dextran sulfate kuti iwedzere mapuroteni.