Oligonucleotides o polymers nucleic acid ma faʻasologa faʻapitoa, e aofia ai antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs), siRNAs (RNA faʻalavelave laiti), microRNAs, ma aptamers. Oligonucleotides e mafai ona faʻaogaina e faʻaogaina ai le faʻaalia o le kenera e ala i le tele o gaioiga, e aofia ai le RNAi, faʻaleagaina faʻatatau e ala i le RNase H-mediated cleavage, splicing regulation, noncoding RNA repression, gene activation, and programmed gene editing.

O le tele o oligonucleotides (ASOs, siRNA, ma microRNA) e fa'afefiloi i le kenera mRNA po'o le mua'i-mRNA e ala i le fa'apipi'i fa'atasi, ma e mafai ona fa'avasegaina le fa'aaliga o so'o se kenera ma polotini, e aofia ai le tele o "le-togafitiga" fa'atatau. Aptamers e maualuga le vavalalata mo le porotini sini, e tutusa ma le fausaga maualuga o antibodies, ae le o le faasologa. Oligonucleotides e ofoina atu foʻi isi faʻamanuiaga, e aofia ai le faʻaogaina faigofie ma auala sauniuni, taʻamilosaga atinaʻe pupuu, ma aʻafiaga umi.

Pe a faʻatusatusa i faʻamaʻi laiti mole mole masani, o le faʻaaogaina o oligonucleotides e avea ma vailaʻau o se auala fou. Ole malosi ole oligonucleotides ile fa'asologa sa'o ua fa'atupuina ai le naunau mo togafitiga fa'apitoa ile kanesa, ma'i fatu fatu, ma fa'ama'i e le masani ai. O fa'atagaga lata mai a le FDA mo Givosiran, Lumasiran ma Viltolarsen ua aumaia ai le RNAi, po'o le RNA-fa'avae togafitiga, i totonu o le fa'auluuluga o vaila'au.