Zearalenone (ZEN)izwi kandi nk'uburozi bwa F-2. Ikorwa nibihumyo bitandukanye bya fusarium nka Graminearum, Culmorum na Crookwellense. Uburozi bwibihumyo bwarekuwe mubutaka bwubutaka. Imiterere yimiti ya ZEN yagenwe na Urry mu 1966 ikoresheje magnetiki resonance ya kirimbuzi, chimie classique classique na mass spectrometrie, kandi yitiriwe: 6- (10-hydroxy-6-oxo-trans-1-decene) -β -Ranoic aside-lactone . Ubwinshi bwa molekile ya ZEN ni 318, aho gushonga ni 165 ° C, kandi ifite ubushyuhe bwiza. Ntabwo izabora iyo ishyushye kuri 120 ° C mumasaha 4; ZEN ifite ibiranga fluorescence kandi irashobora gutahurwa na detector ya fluorescence; ZEN ntizigaragara mumazi, S2C na CC14 Dissolve; Biroroshye gushonga mubisubizo bya alkali nka sodium hydroxide na solge organic nka methanol. ZEN yanduza ibinyampeke n'ibiyikomokaho ku isi hose, bigatera igihombo kinini mu nganda zo guhinga no korora, kandi bikabangamira cyane umutekano w’ibiribwa.

Igipimo ntarengwa cya Zen mu biryo no kugaburira

Zearalenoneumwanda ntugabanya gusa ubwiza bwibikomoka ku buhinzi n’ibiryo, ahubwo bizana igihombo kinini mu iterambere ry’ubukungu. Muri icyo gihe, ubuzima bwabantu nabwo buzaterwa no gufata umwanda wa ZEN cyangwa inyama zisigaye n’ibikomoka ku mata n’ibindi biribwa bikomoka ku nyamaswa. Kandi ubangamiwe. igihugu cyanjye "GB13078.2-2006 Kugaburira Isuku y'Isuku" bisaba ko ZEN ya zearalenone mu biryo bivangwa n'ibigori bitagomba kurenga 500 μg / kg. Ukurikije ibisabwa muri "GB 2761-2011 Mycotoxine mu mbibi z’ibiribwa" byasohotse mu 2011, ibikubiye muri zearalenone ZEN mu binyampeke n'ibicuruzwa byabo bigomba kuba munsi ya 60μg / kg. Dukurikije “Kugaburira Ibipimo by'Isuku” bigenda bisubirwamo, urugero rukomeye rwa zearalenone mu biryo bivangwa n'ingurube n'imbuto zikiri nto ni 100 μg / kg. Byongeye kandi, Ubufaransa buteganya ko urugero rwemewe rwa zearalenone mu binyampeke n'amavuta yo gufata ku ngufu ari 200 μg / kg; Uburusiya buteganya ko urugero rwemewe rwa zearalenone mu ngano ya durum, ifu, na mikorobe y'ingano ari 1000 μg / kg; Uruguay iteganya ko umubare wemewe wa zearalenone mu bigori, Umubare wemewe wa zearalenone ZEN muri sayiri ni 200μg / kg. Birashobora kugaragara ko leta zibihugu bitandukanye zagiye zimenya buhoro buhoro ingaruka zearalenone izanira inyamaswa n’abantu, ariko zikaba zitaragera ku gipimo cyumvikanyweho.

Ibibi byaZearalenone

ZEN ni ubwoko bwa estrogene. Imikurire, iterambere hamwe nimyororokere yinyamaswa zirya ZEN zizagerwaho n urugero rwa estrogene nyinshi. Mu nyamaswa zose, ingurube nizo zumva cyane ZEN. Ingaruka z'uburozi za ZEN ku mbuto ni izi zikurikira: nyuma yo kubiba abantu bakuru bafite uburozi no gufatwa na ZEN, imyanya myibarukiro yabo izatera imbere bidasanzwe, iherekejwe n'ibimenyetso nka ovarian dysplasia n'indwara ya endocrine; kubiba batwite biri muri ZEN Gutandukana, kubyara imburagihe, cyangwa inshuro nyinshi z'inda zidakora neza, kubyara no kubyara bidakunze kugaragara nyuma yo kuroga; kubiba amashereka bizagabanya ubwinshi bwamata cyangwa ntibishobora gutanga amata; icyarimwe, ingurube zifata amata yanduye ZEN nayo izagaragaza Ibimenyetso nko gukura gahoro bitewe na estrogene nyinshi, indwara zikomeye zizicwa ninzara amaherezo zirapfa.

ZEN ntabwo yibasira inkoko n'amatungo gusa, ahubwo inagira ingaruka zikomeye kubantu. ZEN yegeranya mumubiri wumuntu, ishobora gutera ibibyimba, kugabanya ADN, no gutuma chromosomes idasanzwe. ZEN ifite kandi kanseri itera kandi itera kwaguka kwaguka kwingirangingo za kanseri mubice byumuntu cyangwa ingingo. Kuba uburozi bwa ZEN butera kwandura kanseri mu mbeba zigerageza. Ubushakashatsi bwiyongereye nabwo bwemeje ibi. Byongeye kandi, ubushakashatsi bumwe bwerekanye ko kwirundanya kwa ZEN mu mubiri w'umuntu bitera indwara zitandukanye nka kanseri y'ibere cyangwa hyperplasia y'ibere.

Uburyo bwo kumenyazearalenone

Kuberako ZEN ifite umwanda mwinshi nibibi byinshi, umurimo wo gupima ZEN ni ngombwa cyane. Muburyo bwose bwo gutahura ZEN, ibikurikira nibisanzwe bikoreshwa: uburyo bwa chromatografique yuburyo bukoreshwa (ibiranga: gutahura ingano, kumenya neza, ariko imikorere igoye nigiciro kinini cyane); enzyme ihujwe na immunoassay (ibiranga: sensibilité nyinshi ningufu zingana, ariko Igikorwa kiragoye, igihe cyo gutahura ni kirekire, kandi ikiguzi ni kinini); uburyo bwo gupima zahabu ya colloidal (ibiranga: byihuse kandi byoroshye, igiciro gito, ariko ubunyangamugayo nibisubirwamo ni bibi, ntibishobora kubara); fluorescence igereranya immunochromatografiya (ibiranga: byihuse Byoroheje kandi byuzuye, kugereranya neza, ariko ukeneye gukoresha ibikoresho, reagent ziva mubikorwa bitandukanye ntabwo ari rusange).