Oligonucleotide ni polymeric acide nucleic ifite gahunda yabugenewe yabugenewe, harimo antisense oligonucleotide (ASOs), siRNAs (RNAs itavangira), microRNAs, na aptamers. Oligonucleotide irashobora gukoreshwa muguhindura imvugo ya gene binyuze muburyo butandukanye, harimo nka RNAi, gutesha agaciro intego binyuze muri clavage ya RNase H, guhuza ibice, gukandamiza RNA, kode ya gene, no gutunganya gen.

Hafi ya oligonucleotide (ASOs, siRNA, na microRNA) ivanga kugirango igere kuri gene mRNA cyangwa pre-mRNA ikoresheje guhuza ibice byuzuzanya, kandi mubyukuri irashobora guhitamo guhindura imvugo ya gen na proteine ​​iyo ari yo yose, harimo na benshi "batavura". Aptamers ifitanye isano ya poroteyine igenewe, isa nuburyo bwa gatatu bwa antibodies, ntabwo bikurikirana. Oligonucleotide iratanga kandi izindi nyungu, zirimo uburyo bworoshye bwo gukora no gutegura, tekinike ngufi yiterambere, ningaruka zirambye.

Ugereranije na molekile ntoya ya inhibitor, gukoresha oligonucleotide nkibiyobyabwenge nuburyo bushya bushya. Ubushobozi bwa oligonucleotide muri genetique itomoye bwongereye ishyaka ryo kuvura kanseri, indwara zifata umutima, n'indwara zidasanzwe. Icyemezo cya FDA giherutse kwemeza Givosiran, Lumasiran na Viltolarsen kizana RNAi, cyangwa imiti ishingiye kuri RNA, muburyo rusange bwo guteza imbere ibiyobyabwenge.