Oligonucleotides ndi ma polima a nucleic acid omwe amatsatana mwapadera, kuphatikiza antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs), siRNAs (ma RNA ang'onoang'ono osokoneza), ma microRNA, ndi ma aptamers. Oligonucleotides angagwiritsidwe ntchito kuwongolera mafotokozedwe a jini kudzera munjira zingapo, kuphatikiza RNAi, kuwonongeka kwa chandamale kudzera mu RNase H-mediated cleavage, splicing regulation, noncoding RNA kuponderezana, kuyambitsa jini, ndikusintha ma gene.

Ambiri oligonucleotides (ASOs, siRNA, ndi microRNA) amasakanikirana kuti agwirizane ndi jini mRNA kapena pre-mRNA pogwiritsa ntchito ma pairing oyambira, ndipo mwachidziwitso amatha kusintha mawonekedwe amtundu uliwonse wamtundu ndi mapuloteni, kuphatikiza ambiri "osakhala achire" omwe amatsata. Ma Aptamers ali ndi kuyanjana kwakukulu kwa mapuloteni omwe akuwafuna, ofanana ndi mawonekedwe apamwamba a ma antibodies, osati motsatizana. Oligonucleotides amaperekanso ubwino wina, kuphatikizapo njira zosavuta zopangira ndi kukonzekera, maulendo afupiafupi a chitukuko, ndi zotsatira zokhalitsa.

Poyerekeza ndi zoletsa zazing'ono zamamolekyu, kugwiritsa ntchito oligonucleotides ngati mankhwala ndi njira yachilendo. Kuthekera kwa oligonucleotides mu genetics yolondola kwakulitsa chidwi chofuna kuchiza khansa, matenda amtima, komanso matenda osowa. Kuvomereza kwaposachedwa kwa FDA kwa Givosiran, Lumasiran ndi Viltolarsen kumabweretsa RNAi, kapena RNA-based therapies, muzambiri za chitukuko cha mankhwala.