Njira zakuyeretsa mapuloteni:

Njira yoyeretsera mapuloteni, kulekanitsa ndi kuyeretsa mapuloteni, mapuloteni amamasulidwa ku maselo oyambirira kapena minyewa mumkhalidwe wosungunuka ndipo amakhalabe mu chikhalidwe choyambirira popanda kutaya kwachilengedwe. Pachifukwa ichi, zinthuzo zichotse minofu ya nyama ndi mafuta, mbewuyo ichotse kuipitsidwa kwa njere kuchokera ku zinthu monga ma tannins, ndipo mbewu yamafuta imayenera kugwiritsa ntchito chosungunulira chamafuta ochepa.

1. Njira yoyeretsera mapuloteni, kukula ndi njira zosiyana zowunikira kulekanitsa: dialysis ndi ultrafiltration zimagwiritsa ntchito mapuloteniwa kuti adutse chikhalidwe cha mamolekyu omwe sangathe kudutsa mu membrane yotheka; kachulukidwe gradient centrifugation Ubwino ndi kachulukidwe wa mapuloteni sing'anga adzakhala kwambiri zimakhudza particles. Liwiro lokhazikika ndilofulumira; kusefera gel osakaniza ndi mtundu wa chromatography.

2. Kulekanitsa kusiyana kwa solubility mu ntchito: electro-precipitation chifukwa ukonde mlandu wa mamolekyu mapuloteni ndi ziro isoelectric mfundo, kuchepetsa electrostatic repulsion pakati mamolekyu, zosavuta akaphatikiza, ndi kusungunuka kochepa; Kusakaniza kwa mchere kumawonjezera kapena kumachepetsa kusungunuka kwa mapuloteni.

3. Malipiro amalekanitsidwa ndikuwunikidwa ndi njira zosiyanasiyana, zomwe zili mkati mwake zimaphatikizapo electrophoresis ndi ion exchange chromatography.

4. Njira zakuyeretsa mapuloteniKutsatsa kosankha ndi kulekanitsa kwa mapuloteni kumagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya tinthu tating'onoting'ono.

5. Kugwirizana kwa chromatography kumachokera pa kulekana kwa ligands. Mkhalidwe wachilengedwewu umalola mamolekyu a mapuloteni kuti amangirire mwachindunji m'malo molumikizana ndi molekyulu ina yotchedwa ligand.

6. Njira yoyeretsera mapuloteni: Njira yochepetsera kutentha kwa organic solvent: Gwiritsani ntchito zosungunulira za organic zomwe zimasakanikirana ndi madzi, monga methanol, ethanol, kuchepetsa kusungunuka ndi mpweya wa mapuloteni ambiri. Njira imeneyi ndi apamwamba kuposa kusamvana salting kunja, koma mapuloteni denatures kwambiri Zikakhala zosavuta, zichitike pa kutentha otsika.

Momwe mungayeretserekuyeretsa mapuloteni:

Kodi kuyeretsa mapuloteni, mapuloteni ndi molekyulu lalikulu, ndi zosiyanasiyana maselo kukula kwa albumin, pali njira zosavuta kulekanitsa mapuloteni ndi zinthu zazing'ono molekyulu, komanso analekanitsa mapuloteni osakaniza. Njira zazikulu zolekanitsira mapuloteni amitundu yosiyanasiyana ya maselo ndi dialysis, ultrafiltration, kusefera kwa gel, ndi kulekanitsa kwapakati. Dialysis ndi ultrafiltration amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu njira zolekanitsa mapuloteni. Chisakanizo cha dialysis chomwe chiyenera kulekanitsidwa chimayikidwa mu thumba la dialysis lopangidwa ndi nembanemba yosatha, ndiyeno kumizidwa mu njira yothetsera dialysis kuti apatukane. Ultrafiltration ndi njira yodutsa madzi ndi mamolekyu ena ang'onoang'ono pogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya centrifugal kapena kupanikizika mu membrane yokwanira komanso kumangirira mapuloteni mu membrane yotheka. Njira ziwirizi zitha kulekanitsidwa ndi ma macromolecules opangidwa ndi mapuloteni komanso mamolekyu ang'onoang'ono amchere. Nthawi zambiri amathiridwa mchere, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi njira yosungunula mchere, kapena akhoza kuyambitsidwa kuti atenge njira ziwirizi mutatha kuthira mchere pogwiritsa ntchito mchere wosakaniza.

1. Momwe mungayeretsere mapuloteni pogwiritsa ntchito salting-out njira: Maziko a salting-out njira ndikuti kusungunuka kwa mapuloteni mu mchere wosungunuka kumawonjezeka ndi kuchuluka kwa mchere, koma pamene mchere ukuwonjezeka kufika pamtengo wina, ntchito zamadzi zidzawonjezeka. Kuchepa, komwe kungapangitse kuti mapuloteni ena apangitse ndalama kudzera m'maselo a maselo kuti asasunthike pang'onopang'ono, ndipo nembanemba ya hydration imawonongeka pang'onopang'ono, zomwe zimatha kupangitsa kuti mapuloteni okhudzana ndi mamolekyu akhale agglomeration ndikutulutsa mayankho osiyanasiyana.

2. Organic zosungunulira mpweya njira: Pali zifukwa ziwiri kuchepetsa kusungunuka kwa mapuloteni mu organic solvents: mmene kuyeretsa mapuloteni monga mchere njira ndi kuchepa madzi m'thupi; chachiwiri, dielectric zonse zosungunulira organic kuposa madzi akhoza kuchepetsedwa Mu zosungunulira polar.

3. Protein precipitating agent: mapuloteni monga precipitating agent amangogwira mtundu umodzi kapena umodzi wa mpweya wa mapuloteni, wamba ndi zamchere, mapuloteni, lectin, ndi zitsulo zolemera.

4. Mvula ya polyethylene glycol: Momwe mungayeretsere ma polima osasungunuka m'madzi akuyeretsa mapuloteni, monga polyethylene glycol ndi sodium dextran sulfate kuti awononge mapuloteni.