1. Basic research on nucleic acids: genomic cloning
2. Asymmetric PCR to prepare single-stranded DNA for DNA sequencing
3. Determination of unknown DNA regions by inverse PCR
4. Reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) is used to detect the level of gene expression in cells, the amount of RNA virus and the direct cloning of cDNA of specific genes
5. Fluorescence quantitative PCR is used for real-time monitoring of PCR products
6. Rapid amplification of cDNA ends
7. Detection of gene expression
8. Medical applications: detection of bacterial and viral diseases; diagnosis of genetic diseases; diagnosis of tumors; applied to forensic evidence