Ụzọ nkeprotein ọcha:

Usoro nke ịdị ọcha nke protein, nkewa na ịdị ọcha nke protein, a na-ahapụ protein ahụ site na sel mbụ ma ọ bụ anụ ahụ dị na steeti gbazere ma nọgide na-adị na ọnọdụ okike mbụ na-enweghị nkwụsị nke ọrụ ndu. N'ihi nke a, ihe ahụ kwesịrị iwepụ anụ ahụ na anụ ahụ adipose, ihe mkpụrụ ahụ kwesịrị ọbụna kpochapụ mmetọ nke uwe mkpụrụ ahụ site na ihe ndị dị ka tannins, na mkpụrụ mmanụ kwesịrị iji ihe mgbaze na-esighị ike na-esi ísì ụtọ.

1. Usoro nke ịdị ọcha nke protein, nha na ụzọ nyocha nkewa dị iche iche: dialysis na ultrafiltration na-eji protein ndị a na-agafe n'ụdị nke ụmụ irighiri ihe na-enweghị ike ịgafe na akpụkpọ ahụ nke ọkara; njupụta gradient centrifugation Ogo na njupụta nke protein na ọkara ga-enwe mmetụta dị ukwuu na ahụ. Ịmezi ọsọ na-agba ọsọ; gel filtration bụ ụdị kọlụm chromatography.

2. Nkewa nke solubility dị iche na ojiji: electro-zoopu n'ihi na net ụgwọ nke protein ụmụ irighiri bụ na efu isoelectric ebe, mbenata electrostatic repulsion n'etiti ụmụ irighiri ihe, mfe nchịkọta, na kacha nta solubility; Ngwọta nnu nke a na-eji ngwọta nnu mee ihe Nleba anya na-abawanye ma ọ bụ na-ebelata solubility nke protein.

3. A na-ekewa ụgwọ ahụ ma nyochaa ya site na ụzọ dị iche iche, ihe ndị bụ isi gụnyere electrophoresis na ion mgbanwe chromatography.

4. Ụzọ nkeprotein ọchaThe nhọrọ adsorption na nkewa nke ndị na-edozi ahu nagide ike nke urughuru adsorption.

5. Affinity chromatography dabeere na nkewa nke ligands. Njirimara ndu a na-enye ohere ka ụmụ irighiri protein kekọta kpọmkwem kama ijikọ ọnụ na molekul ọzọ a na-akpọ ligand.

6. Ụzọ nke ịdị ọcha protein: Usoro mmiri ozuzo na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ na-adịghị ala: Jiri ihe ndị na-emepụta ihe na-eme ka mmiri na-adịghị mma, dị ka methanol, ethanol, iji belata solubility na ọdịda nke ọtụtụ protein. Usoro a dị elu karịa mkpebi nnu, mana protein denatures ọzọ Mgbe ọ dị mfe, ekwesịrị ime ya na obere okpomọkụ.

Otu esi eme ọchaprotein ọcha:

Otu esi eme ka protein dị ọcha, protein bụ molekul buru ibu, yana ụdị albumin dị iche iche, enwere ụzọ dị mfe iji kewaa protein na obere ihe molekul, yana ngwakọta protein kewapụrụ. Ụzọ ndị bụ isi maka ikewapụ protein dị iche iche dị iche iche bụ dialysis, ultrafiltration, gel filtration, na centrifugal separation. A na-ejikarị dialysis na ultrafiltration na ụzọ nkewa protein. A na-etinye ngwakọta dialysis nke a ga-ekewa n'ime akpa dialysis nke ejiri akpụkpọ anụ semipermeable mee, wee mikpuo ya na ngwọta dialysis maka nkewa. Ultrafiltration bụ usoro nke na-agafe mmiri na obere ụmụ irighiri ihe ndị ọzọ na-eji ike centrifugal ma ọ bụ nrụgide na akpụkpọ anụ nke na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ihe na-eme ka ọnyà na-edozi protein na ọkara nke nwere ike ime. Enwere ike ikewapụ ụzọ abụọ a site na macromolecules sitere na protein na obere ụmụ irighiri ihe nnu nwere inorganic. A na-esikarị ha nnu, na-ejikọta ya na usoro mgbasa nnu, ma ọ bụ nwee ike iwebata ha iji wepụta ụzọ abụọ a mgbe a gbasasịrị nnu site na iji ngwọta nnu inorganic.

1. Otu esi eme ka protein dị ọcha site na usoro nnu: Ndabere nke usoro nnupụpụ bụ na solubility nke protein na ngwọta nnu na-agbaze ga-abawanye na mmụba nke ntinye nnu, ma mgbe ntinye nnu na-abawanye ruo otu uru, a ga-abawanye ọrụ mmiri. Mbelata, nke n'aka nke ya nwere ike ime ka ụfọdụ ndị na-edozi ahụ na-emepụta ụgwọ site na nhazi nke ihe omimi ka a na-eji nwayọọ nwayọọ kwụsị, na akpụkpọ ahụ hydration na-eji nwayọọ nwayọọ bibie, nke nwere ike ime ka protein na ụmụ irighiri ihe ndị metụtara ya mepụta agglomeration na ịmalite site na ngwọta dị iche iche.

2. Organic mgbaze usoro ọdịda: E nwere ihe abụọ mere iji belata solubility nke protein na organic solvents: otu esi eme ka protein dị ọcha dị ka nnu ngwọta na akpịrị ịkpọ nkụ; Nke abuo, dielectric mgbe nile nke organic solvents karịa mmiri nwere ike ibelata Na pola solvents.

3. Protein precipitating agents: protein dị ka onye na-emepụta ihe na-eme naanị otu ụdị ma ọ bụ otu nke mmiri ozuzo protein, ndị nkịtị bụ alkaline, protein, lectin, na ọla dị arọ.

4. Polyethylene glycol ọdịda: Otu esi eme ka polymers na-abụghị ionic dị ọcha maka mmiri.protein ọcha, dị ka polyethylene glycol na sodium dextran sulfate na-ebuli protein.