Oligonucleotides yog nucleic acid polymers nrog cov qauv tsim tshwj xeeb, suav nrog antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs), siRNAs (me me cuam tshuam RNAs), microRNAs, thiab aptamers. Oligonucleotides tuaj yeem siv los hloov kho cov noob qhia los ntawm ntau cov txheej txheem, suav nrog RNAi, lub hom phiaj degradation los ntawm RNase H-mediated cleavage, splicing regulation, noncoding RNA repression, gene activation, and programmed gene editing.

Feem ntau cov oligonucleotides (ASOs, siRNA, thiab microRNA) hybridize rau lub hom phiaj gene mRNA los yog pre-mRNA los ntawm kev sib koom ua ke hauv paus, thiab theoretically tuaj yeem xaiv cov kev qhia ntawm cov hom phiaj ntawm cov noob thiab cov protein, suav nrog ntau yam "tsis kho" cov hom phiaj. Aptamers muaj affinity siab rau lub hom phiaj protein, zoo ib yam li cov qauv tertiary ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, tsis yog cov kab ke. Oligonucleotides kuj muaj lwm yam zoo, suav nrog cov txheej txheem tsim khoom yooj yim thiab kev npaj, kev loj hlob luv luv, thiab cov teebmeem ntev.

Piv nrog rau cov tshuaj me me molecule inhibitors, kev siv oligonucleotides ua cov tshuaj yog ib txoj hauv kev tshiab. Lub peev xwm ntawm oligonucleotides nyob rau hauv precision genetics tau txhawb kev txaus siab rau kev siv tshuaj kho mob qog noj ntshav, kab mob plawv, thiab kab mob tsawg. Tsis ntev los no FDA pom zoo rau Givosiran, Lumasiran thiab Viltolarsen coj RNAi, los yog RNA-raws li kev kho mob, mus rau hauv lub ntsiab ntawm kev tsim tshuaj.