Hanyoyinfurotin tsarkakewa:

Hanyar tsarkakewa na gina jiki, rabuwa da tsarkakewa na gina jiki, ana fitar da sunadaran daga sel na asali ko kyallen takarda a cikin yanayin da aka narkar da kuma ya kasance a cikin ainihin yanayin halitta ba tare da asarar aikin ilimin halitta ba. Don haka, kayan ya kamata ya cire dabba da nama mai laushi, kayan iri ya kamata ma ya kawar da gurɓatawar gashin iri daga abubuwa kamar tannins, kuma ya kamata a yi amfani da ƙwayar mai mai ɗanɗano kaɗan.

1. Hanyar tsarkakewar furotin, girman da hanyoyin bincike daban-daban: dialysis da ultrafiltration suna amfani da waɗannan sunadaran don wucewa ta yanayin kwayoyin halitta waɗanda ba za su iya wucewa ta cikin membrane mai lalacewa ba; yawa gradient centrifugation Inganci da yawa na furotin a cikin matsakaici zai yi tasiri mafi girma a kan barbashi. Matsakaicin saurin yana da sauri; gel tacewa wani irin shafi chromatography.

2. Rarraba bambancin solubility a cikin amfani: electro-hazo saboda net cajin na gina jiki kwayoyin ne a sifili isoelectric batu, rage electrostatic repulsion tsakanin kwayoyin, sauki tara, da kuma m solubility; Maganin gishiri da aka yi amfani da shi tare da maganin gishiri Hankali yana ƙaruwa ko rage narkewar furotin.

3. An raba cajin kuma an bincika ta hanyoyi daban-daban, babban abin da ke ciki ya hada da electrophoresis da ion musayar chromatography.

4. Hanyoyinfurotin tsarkakewaZaɓin adsorption da rarrabuwar sunadaran suna amfani da ƙarfin ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta.

5. Affinity chromatography dogara ne a kan rabuwa na ligands. Wannan sifa ta ilimin halitta tana ba da damar ƙwayoyin furotin su ɗaure musamman maimakon haɗaɗɗiya zuwa wani kwayar halitta da ake kira ligand.

6. Hanyar tsarkakewa sunadaran: Hanyar hazo mai ƙarancin zafin jiki: Yi amfani da kaushi mai ƙarfi da ruwa, kamar methanol, ethanol, don rage narkewa da hazo na yawancin sunadaran. Wannan hanya ta fi ƙudurin salting fita, amma sunadaran suna daɗaɗawa Lokacin da sauƙi, yakamata a yi shi a ƙananan zafin jiki.

Yadda ake tsarkakewafurotin tsarkakewa:

Yadda ake tsarkake furotin, furotin babban kwayar halitta ne, da nau'ikan nau'ikan kwayoyin halitta na albumin, akwai wasu hanyoyin mafi sauƙi don raba furotin da ƙananan ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta, da kuma cakuda furotin. Babban hanyoyin da za a raba sunadaran sunadaran masu girma dabam dabam sune dialysis, ultrafiltration, gel tacewa, da rabuwar centrifugal. Ana amfani da dialysis da ultrafiltration a hanyoyin rabuwa da furotin. Cakudar dialysis da za a raba ana sanya shi a cikin jakar dialysis da aka yi da membrane mai iya jurewa, sannan a nutsar da shi cikin maganin dialysis don rabuwa. Ultrafiltration shine tsarin wucewar ruwa da sauran ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta ta hanyar amfani da ƙarfin centrifugal ko matsa lamba a cikin membrane mai tsaka-tsaki da tarko sunadaran sunadaran a cikin membrane mai iya wucewa. Ana iya raba waɗannan hanyoyin guda biyu daga macromolecules tushen furotin da ƙananan ƙwayoyin tushen gishiri. Sau da yawa ana fitar da gishiri, ana amfani da su tare da hanyar narkewar gishiri, ko kuma ana iya gabatar da su don fitar da waɗannan hanyoyin guda biyu bayan an fitar da gishiri ta hanyar amfani da ruwan gishiri mara kyau.

1. Yadda ake tsarkake furotin ta hanyar yin gishiri: Tushen hanyar fitar da gishiri shine cewa narkewar sunadaran a cikin ruwan gishiri mai narkewa zai karu tare da karuwar yawan gishiri, amma lokacin da gishirin gishiri ya karu zuwa wani ƙima, za a ƙara yawan ayyukan ruwa. Ragewa, wanda hakan na iya haifar da wasu sunadaran don haifar da caji ta hanyar tsarin tsarin kwayoyin halitta don zama a hankali a hankali, kuma ana lalata membrane hydration a hankali, wanda zai iya haifar da sunadarai da kwayoyin da ke da alaƙa don haɓaka haɓakawa da haɓaka daga mafita daban-daban.

2. Hanyar hazo mai ƙarfi: Akwai dalilai guda biyu don rage narkewar furotin a cikin kaushi: yadda ake tsarkake furotin a matsayin maganin gishiri tare da bushewa; Abu na biyu, da dielectric akai na Organic kaushi fiye da ruwa za a iya rage A iyakacin duniya kaushi.

3. Protein precipitating agent: furotin a matsayin wakili mai hazo kawai yana aiki akan nau'i ɗaya ko ɗaya na hazo mai gina jiki, na kowa shine alkaline, furotin, lectin, da ƙarfe masu nauyi.

4. Polyethylene glycol hazo: Yadda za a tsarkake ruwa-soluble wadanda ba ionic polymers gafurotin tsarkakewa, irin su polyethylene glycol da sodium dextran sulfate don haɓaka sunadaran.