Gwajin acid nucleic shine a zahiri don gano ko akwai acid nucleic (RNA) na sabon coronavirus a cikin jikin abin gwajin. Acid nucleic na kowace kwayar cuta ya ƙunshi ribonucleotides, kuma lamba da tsari na ribonucleotides da ke cikin ƙwayoyin cuta daban-daban sun bambanta, wanda ke sa kowane ƙwayoyin cuta keɓaɓɓu.
Acid nucleic na sabon coronavirus shima na musamman ne, kuma gano nucleic acid shine takamaiman gano acid nucleic na sabon coronavirus. Kafin gwajin kwayoyin nucleic acid, ya zama dole a tattara samfurin sputum, makogwaro, ruwan lavage bronchoalveolar, jini da sauransu, kuma ta hanyar gwada waɗannan samfuran, za a iya gano cewa sashin numfashi na batun yana kamuwa da ƙwayoyin cuta. Ana amfani da sabon gano nucleic acid na coronavirus don gano samfurin swab na makogwaro. An raba samfurin kuma an tsarkake shi, kuma ana fitar da sabon coronavirus nucleic acid daga gare ta, kuma shirye-shiryen gwajin sun shirya.

Sabuwar gano ƙwayoyin nucleic acid na coronavirus galibi yana amfani da fasahar RT-PCR mai ƙididdigewa, wanda haɗe ne na fasahar PCR mai kyalli da fasahar RT-PCR. A cikin tsarin ganowa, ana amfani da fasahar RT-PCR don juyar da rubutun nucleic acid (RNA) na sabon coronavirus zuwa cikin madaidaicin deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA); sannan ana amfani da fasahar PCR na fluorescence quantitative don yin kwafin DNA da aka samu a adadi mai yawa. Ana gano DNA ɗin da aka kwafi kuma an yi masa lakabi da binciken jima'i. Idan akwai sabon coronavirus nucleic acid, kayan aikin na iya gano siginar kyalli, kuma, yayin da DNA ke ci gaba da yin kwafi, siginar kyalli ya ci gaba da ƙaruwa, don haka a kaikaice gano kasancewar sabon coronavirus.